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Restricting Cars In Cities: A Cost-Benefit Analysis Of Low Emission Zones

11 Nov 2024 | Abstracted from The Conversation

"Prominent [low missions zone] schemes include those in Berlin, London, Milan and Stockholm...our research [on Madrid's LEZ] aims to look past political controversies to understand the private costs and social benefits of these measures....Madrid Central successfully reduced pollution by nearly 19 %.

"Comparing consumer spending before and after the LEZ was implemented, we found a nearly 21 % decrease in brick-and-mortar spending within the LEZ among people who lived outside it."

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